1) is intended to be a dynamic resource that will be modified to includeĪccepted changes of unit names and boundary age estimates. Gradstein and others, 2004 Ogg and others, 2008).ĭivisions of Geologic Time (fig. Scientists should note that other published time scales may be used, provided that theseĪre specified and referenced (for example, Palmer, 1983 Harland and others, 1990 Haq and Eysinga, 1998
1), which representsĪn update containing the unit names and boundary age estimates ratified by the International Commission on ForĬonsistent usage of time terms, the USGS Geologic Names Committee (GNC see box for members) and theĪssociation of American State Geologists (AASG) developed Divisions of Geologic Time (fig. Suggestions to Authors (Hansen, 1991), no other time scale has been officially endorsed by the USGS. Since publication of a chart showing divisions of geologic time in the seventh edition of the USGS guide Units, and various time scales have been used by the geoscience community. Many international debates have occurred over names and boundaries of Geological Survey (USGS), State geological surveys, academia,Īnd other organizations have sought to create a consistent time scale to be used in communicating ages of
Since the mid-1990s, geologists from the U.S. Is intended to be a dynamic resource that will be modified to include accepted changes of unit names and boundary age estimates. Therefore,ĭivisions of Geologic Time, which shows the major chronostratigraphic (position) and geochronologic (time) units, Over the years, the development of newĭating methods and the refinement of previous methods have stimulated revisions to geologic time scales.Īdvances in stratigraphy and geochronology require that any time scale be periodically updated. Rock sequences and is calibrated in years (Harland and others, 1982). A geologic time scale is composed of standard stratigraphic divisions based on This can be handy if you are only using the template for estimating time spent on various tasks instead of for billing or payroll purposes.Effective communication in the geosciences requires consistent uses of stratigraphic nomenclature, especiallyĭivisions of geologic time. Recording minutes worked: If you want to be able to enter the number of minutes worked on a project in a given day rather than having to record start and end times, unhide column H and use the Minutes Worked column. The cool thing about the Table feature is that the formulas in the Hours and Current Period are copied automatically when you insert or add new rows. You can also insert rows in the table the traditional way.
The invoice number is not used anywhere else in the template.Īdding more rows: The time tracking log table uses Excel's special Table feature, so you can add more rows to the bottom by just dragging the bottom corner of the table down. This would be mainly for record-keeping purposes.
Tracking Invoices: In addition to indicating whether hours have been billed, you may want to include the associated Invoice number. You could enter another value such as "n/a" if you want to track work that is not billable. After you bill for hours worked, update the time log by putting an "x" in the Billed column.
Marking Hours as Billed: The spreadsheet does not include an invoice, but you can download an invoice template to use along with this time tracker. Monitor Hours Worked: The top of the worksheet summarizes total hours worked for the current day, the current week, and a custom time period that you can change by entering the start and end dates. The Task ID list is dependent on the Project ID, so the items in the drop-down list will change based upon the Project ID that you choose. Projects and Tasks: The Project ID and Task ID columns use Data Validation to create drop-down lists that let you select from the current active set of projects. If you took breaks that should not be included in billable hours, you can enter the time in minutes. The screenshot above shows the TimeLog worksheet, where you record hours worked by entering the date, project, task, start time and end time.